KLINIKOPATOLOGI KARSINOMA PAYUDARA
Synopsis
Jumlah Halaman : 61
Tinggi Buku : 23 cm
ISBN : Sedang Proses
Penyakit keganasan merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi oleh seluruh negara didunia. Insidensinya terus menanjak seiring dengan makin bertambahnya perkembangan zaman dan makin canggihnya dunia teknologi khususnya di bidang kesehatan. Tak dapat dielakkan, dampak yang diakibatkan dari penyait ini cukup serius baik dari terganggunya produktivitas penderita kanker, tingginya angka mortalitas, lamanya perawatan, hingga besarnya biaya yang ditanggung pemerintah. Genderang perang melawan kanker telah digaungkan sejak berabad lalu, namun hingga saat ini sepertinya terompet tanda perang usai belum didengungkan.
Kanker payudara merupakan jenis keganasan tersering yang diidap oleh wanita. Terapi kanker payudara kini didasarkan pada pemeriksaan biomarker dan profil genetik. Adanya upaya tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas pasien kanker dan kualitas hidupnya.
Tatalaksana karsinoma payudara meliputi tindakan pembedahan (parsial atau total), kemoterapi, dan radiasi. Pilihan terapi berdasarkan pemeriksaan histopatologi dan pemeriksaan biomarker molekuler dengan pewarnaan imunohistokimia, maupun dengan pemeriksaan gen tertentu seperti BRCA.Tiga biomarker molekuler yang digunakan dalam manajemen klinis rutin pasien dengan kanker payudara invasif yaitu reseptor estrogen (ER), reseptor progesteron (PR), dan HER2. Ketiganya merupakan indikator terapi yang sangat efektif terhadap kanker payudara invasif dari berbagai aspek klinis, sehingga penilaian yang akurat sangat penting. Klasifikasi molekuler karsinoma payudara terkini berdasarkan pemeriksaan ER, PR, Her2 dan Ki67 maka diperoleh 5 subtipe yaitu : Luminal A, Luminal B HER2 negatif, Luminal B HER2 positif, HER2 enriched , dan Basal Like atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).
Berbagai tindakan preventif kanker payudara telah dikenalkan pada khalayak luas. Beberapa diantaranya adalah pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI), pemeriksaan payudara klinis (SADANIS), pemriksaan mamografi, gaya dan perilaku hidup sehat. Meskipun dari beberapa laporan disampaikan belum optimalnya tindakan preventif tersebut dikalangan masyarakat Indonesia, pemerintah tetap berupaya mensosialisasikan gerakan preventif tersebut sebagai langkah awal pencegahan sekaligus deteksi dini kanker payudara.
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